Aluminom nwere okirikiri ndụ nke ọla ndị ọzọ ole na ole nwere ike dakọtara.Ọ na-eguzogide corrosion, a pụkwara imegharị ya ugboro ugboro, na-achọ nanị ntakịrị ike nke e ji emepụta ígwè bụ́ isi.
Nke a na-eme ka aluminom bụrụ ihe magburu onwe ya - na-emegharị ma na-emegharị ya iji gboo mkpa na ihe ịma aka nke oge dị iche iche na ngwaahịa.
Aluminom uru yinye
1. Ngwuputa Bauxite
Mmepụta aluminom na-amalite site na akụrụngwa bauxite, nke nwere 15-25% aluminom ma na-ahụkarị ya na eriri gburugburu equator.Enwere ihe dị ka ijeri ijeri 29 nke ihe nchekwa bauxite ama ama na ọnụego mmịpụta ugbu a, ihe nchekwa ndị a ga-anọru anyị ihe karịrị otu narị afọ.Otú ọ dị, e nwere nnukwu ihe onwunwe achọpụtaghị nke nwere ike ịgbatị nke ahụ ruo afọ 250-340.
2. Nnụcha alumina
N'iji usoro Bayer, alumina (aluminom oxide) na-esi na bauxite na-emepụta ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ.A na-eji alumina na-emepụta ígwè mbụ na nha nke 2: 1 (2 tọn nke alumina = 1 tonne nke aluminom).
3. Nke mbụ aluminum mmepụta
Atọm aluminom dị na alumina na-ejikọta ya na oxygen na ọ dị mkpa ka e mebie ya site na electrolysis iji mepụta ọla aluminom.A na-eme nke a na nnukwu ahịrị mmepụta ma bụrụ usoro ume ike na-achọ ọtụtụ ọkụ eletrik.Iji ike mmeghari ohuru na-aga n'ihu na-emeziwanye ụzọ mmepụta anyị bụ ụzọ dị mkpa iji mezuo ebumnuche anyị ịnọpụ iche carbon n'echiche okirikiri ndụ site na 2020.
4. Nrụpụta aluminom
Hydro na-enye ahịa ahụ ihe karịrị nde tọn 3 nke ngwaahịa casthouse aluminum kwa afọ, na-eme ka anyị bụrụ ndị na-eweta ihe nrụpụta extrusion ingot, mpempe akwụkwọ ingot, alloys na aluminom dị ọcha nwere ọnụnọ zuru ụwa ọnụ.Ihe a na-ejikarị aluminom eme ihe bụ extruding, mpịakọta na nkedo:
4.1 Aluminom extruding
Extrusion na-enye ohere ịkpụzi aluminum ka ọ bụrụ ụdị ọ bụla a pụrụ ichetụ n'echiche site na iji profaịlụ emebere ma ọ bụ ahaziri.
4.2 Aluminom mpịakọta
Ihe mkpuchi aluminom ị na-eji na kichin gị bụ ezigbo ihe atụ nke ngwaahịa aluminom akpọrepu.N'iburu oke ike ya, enwere ike ịtụgharị aluminom site na 60 cm ruo 2 mm wee hazie ya ka ọ bụrụ ihe dị mkpa dị ka 0.006 mm ma ka na-enweghị ike ịcha ọkụ, isi na ụtọ.
4.3 Nkedo alumini
Ịmepụta alloy na igwe ọzọ na-agbanwe njirimara nke aluminom, na-agbakwunye ike, nchapụta na / ma ọ bụ ductility.A na-eji ngwaahịa ụlọ anyị, dị ka extrusion ingots, ingots mpempe akwụkwọ, alloys, mkpanaka waya na aluminom dị ọcha, na-eji ụgbọ ala, ụgbọ njem, ụlọ, nnyefe ọkụ, ngwá electronic na ụgbọ elu.
5. Imegharị ihe
Aluminom imegharịgharị na-eji naanị 5% nke ike achọrọ maka imepụta ọla mbụ.Ọzọkwa, aluminom adịghị njọ site na imegharị ihe na ihe dịka 75% nke aluminom niile emepụtara ka na-eji.Ebumnuche anyị bụ itolite ngwa ngwa karịa ahịa na imegharị ihe ma were ọnọdụ na-eduga n'akụkụ nrụgharị nke yinye uru aluminom, na-eweghachite 1 nde tonne nke mmetọ aluminom na-emetọ ya na post-consumer scrap kwa afọ.
Oge nzipu: Jun-02-2022